Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41022136›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2025

Trends in Assisted Living and Memory Care Supply From 2019 to 2023.

Eric Jutkowitz, Gauri Gadkari, Erh-Chi Hsu, Ozcan Tunalilar, Lindsey Smith, Cassandra L Hua, Jennifer N Bunker, Kali S Thomas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eric JutkowitzDepartment of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence, RI, USA; Evidence Synthesis Program Center, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA. Electronic address: Eric_Jutkowitz@Brown.edu.
Gauri GadkariDepartment of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Erh-Chi HsuSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Ozcan TunalilarNohad A. Toulan School of Urban Studies and Planning, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA; PSU Institute on Aging, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.
Lindsey SmithPSU Institute on Aging, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Cassandra L HuaDepartment of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
Jennifer N BunkerSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kali S ThomasSchool of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

Memory Care in Assisted Living: Does it Improve Quality Outcomes?RF1AG082308 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI JUTKOWITZ, ERIC, THOMAS, KALI ST. MARIE · 2023 to 2023
$2.2M
Memory Care in Assisted Living: Does it Improve Quality OutcomesR01AG082308 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Eric Jutkowitz, Kali St. Marie Thomas · 2026 to 2026
$736k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG082308NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG082308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDescribe geographic variation from 2019 to 2023 in assisted living (AL) and memory care supply, and its correlation with county-level characteristics.

designDescriptive study of the supply of AL and memory care. SETTING AND

participantsLicensed AL communities in the United States operating in 2019 and 2023.

methodsData come from a national list of licensed ALs and the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey. The primary outcomes of interest were AL supply and memory care supply (beds per 1000 adults aged 65+ at the county level). We descriptively evaluated county characteristics by AL supply in 2019 and the change in AL supply from 2019 to 2023.

resultsIn 2023, counties with the highest AL and memory care supply were more likely to have greater wealth, higher educational attainment, and were urban. Between 2019 and 2023, 43% of counties had a decrease in AL supply, 35% of counties had no change in AL supply, and 22% of counties had an increase in AL supply. Counties with a decrease or no change in AL supply compared with increase in AL supply had a larger proportion of the population aged 65+ years, lower median household income, and were more rural. Between 2019 and 2023, 29% of counties had a decrease in memory care supply, 37% had no change in memory care supply, and 34% had an increase in memory care supply. Counties with unchanged or a decrease in memory care supply had lower educational attainment, more poverty, lower home values, and were more rural. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We found low overall availability of AL and memory care supply and decreases in their supply in rural and socioeconomically disadvantaged counties. It is important to incentivize ALs, including memory care, to operate in underserved areas to ensure equitable access to these important long-term care settings.

Indexed as

Assisted Living FacilitiesCognitive DysfunctionAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMemoryUnited StatesAssisted livingdementialong-term carememory care

Identifiers

PMID41022136
PMCPMC13621428

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.