ArticlePLoS pathogens2025
The tegument protein VP22 of pseudorabies virus inhibits cGAS condensation by inducing nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of DDX21.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus viral genome packaging accessory factor ORF68 forms cytoplasmic puncta dependent on the viral tyrosine kinase.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pseudorabies virus tegument protein pUL49 antagonizes cyclic GMP-AMP synthase through phase separation to promote viral replication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a pivotal DNA sensor that initiates antiviral responses, yet the mechanisms by which viruses evade cGAS-mediated innate immunity remain poorly understood. Here, we identified VP22, a tegument protein of pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, as a viral antagonist of the type I interferon (IFN-I) response through hijacking the host RNA helicase DDX21. Specifically, VP22 impairs 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthesis by disrupting cGAS condensation. In vivo, cGAS restricts the replication of VP22-deficient PRV and attenuates its pathogenicity, an effect neutralized by VP22. Notably, DDX21 is essential for VP22-mediated inhibition of cGAS activity. Mechanistically, VP22 stabilizes DDX21 protein level and enhances its interaction with cGAS. Furthermore, VP22 promotes the translocation of DDX21 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, a process required for inhibition of cGAS condensation and activation. Collectively, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized, host-dependent mechanism by which PRV subverts cGAS signaling, shedding light on viral strategies to subvert host DNA sensing and innate immunity.
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