Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41021186›Full record

ArticleForensic science, medicine, and pathology2026

Permeation of metallic gunshot residues in a commercial gun cleaning solvent through a disposable nitrile glove.

Travis Cribbs, Shane Que Hee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Travis CribbsDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Jr Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
Shane Que HeeDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Jr Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA. squehee@ucla.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6885-879X

Funding

NIOSH CDC HHS 2T42OH008412NIOSH CDC HHS RO1OH009250NIOSH CDC HHS T42 OH008412
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGunshot residue (GSR) accumulates in firearms and must be removed mechanically and with gun cleaning solvent (GCS). There are no peer review journal publications on what gloves might be resistant to GSR being cleaned with a GCS. The aim was to fill the data gap. Methods. A Kimtech Science Blue disposable nitrile glove was challenged in triplicate by dissolved GSR of diameters less than 125 micrometers in a popular GCS with permeates collected in n-decane at 35 °C in a ASTM F739-20 glass permeation cell with no collection side recirculation. Samples from the collection and challenger sides and permeated glove pieces were analyzed for metals by solvent evaporation, concentrated acid digestion and then inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results. Lead, copper and barium GSR compounds permeated between 240 min and 480 min, also being detected within the permeated glove material. The GSR concentrations in mg/g were lead 86.8 ± 0.2, copper 96.4 ± 0.2, and barium 0.622 ± 0.012. Conclusion. A practical and inexpensive method to resist the toxic elements in GSR in a popular GCS for at least 4 hours was to wear a disposable Kimtech Science Blue nitrile glove of average thickness 143-148 µm. More gloves, GCS and GSR should be tested.

Indexed as

FirearmsGloves, ProtectiveBariumCopperDisposable EquipmentHumansLeadMass SpectrometryMaterials TestingNitrilesPermeabilitySolventsBariumCopperLeadNitrilesSolventsGunshot cleaning solventGunshot residue sampling and analysisICP-MSNitrile glove permeation

Identifiers

PMID41021186
PMCPMC13133187

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.