Does magnesium, one of the treatments for preeclampsia, interact with vanadium?

Vanadium compounds may normalize blood pressure. Magnesium sulfate therapy is used very commonly to prevent seizures in women with preeclampsia (PrE). We evaluated the relationship between these elements and PrE, as well as how these elements were affected by routine therapies. We also assessed any potential interactions between these elements. In healthy non-pregnant women (n = 70) and pregnant women with (n = 66) and without (n = 70) PrE, we measured the vanadium/magnesium levels in maternal plasma/urine/hair samples at admission. Following delivery, the levels of vanadium/magnesium in plasma/urine were measured in pregnant women with and without PrE at the 24-h mark. Then, the levels of vanadium/magnesium in plasma/urine samples were measured in pregnant women with PrE at the postpartum 48-h mark (after magnesium sulfate therapy). The levels of vanadium/magnesium were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and compared. Plasma vanadium levels were significantly lower in women with PrE compared with normotensive pregnant and non-pregnant controls upon admission (p < 0.001), while plasma magnesium levels were higher in the PrE group (p < 0.001). Hair vanadium levels were also significantly lower in the women with PrE upon admission (p < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in urinary vanadium concentration in the late-onset PrE group during magnesium sulfate therapy (p < 0.001). Alterations in vanadium levels were detected during and following magnesium administration; however, there is no definitive evidence linking magnesium to reduced urinary vanadium excretion in preeclamptic patients, and further studies are warranted to clarify this relationship. The study protocol was registered in the Clinical Trial Database on 15 Oct. 2020 (NCT04387565, available at https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/beta/studies/S0009V9M00000039/recordSummary ).