Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41020195›Full record

ArticleJournal of peace research2025

Political violence in democracies: An Introduction.

Andrea Ruggeri, Ursula Daxecker, Neeraj Prasad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of peace research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Andrea RuggeriDepartment of Social and Political Sciences, Università degli studi di Milano, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-6099
Ursula DaxeckerDepartment of Political Science, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-7192
Neeraj PrasadDepartment of Political Science, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3594-5018

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It is well established that democracies experience less political violence than autocracies. Paradoxically, however, this widely accepted fact has led scholars to overlook the existence of various forms of political violence

Indexed as

Conflictdemocracypolitical violence

Identifiers

PMID41020195
PMCPMC12476252

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.