ArticleCureus2025
Ocular Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease With an Emphasis on Retinal Involvement.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sickle cell retinopathy in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the spectrum of ocular manifestations in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, with a particular emphasis on retinal involvement, to improve early diagnosis and management strategies. Methodology A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted over one year at Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, recruiting 96 SCD patients aged 10 and above. Comprehensive ophthalmological evaluations included best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, direct/indirect ophthalmoscopy, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and, in selected cases, fundus fluorescein angiography. Sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) was graded using Goldberg's classification. Results The mean age of the participants was 31.00 ± 13.89 years, with 52 (54.17%) males and 71 (76.04%) from the tea tribe community. Systemic features included pallor in 85 (88.54%) and generalized weakness in 83 (86.46%) participants. Visual acuity of 6/6 to 6/9 was found in 32 (33.33%) (right eye) and 33 (34.38%) (left eye) participants. Anterior segment involvement (corkscrew vessels) was noted in 50 (52.08%) participants, and posterior segment changes were noted in 51 (53.13%) participants. Non-proliferative SCR was present in 46 (47.92%) and proliferative SCR in 5 (5.21%) participants. OCT revealed vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membranes, and full-thickness macular holes. Patient age correlated with retinopathy severity (R² = 0.76, p < 0.01), and systemic severity correlated with retinopathy (R² = 0.94, p < 0.001). Conclusions SCD patients exhibit significant ocular manifestations, particularly retinal pathology, which correlates with age and systemic disease severity. Early and routine ophthalmologic screening is crucial for timely management and preventing vision loss.
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