ArticleAnnals of medicine2025
Global, regional, and national burden and trends of idiopathic epilepsy among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The association between maternal diabetes and the risk of epilepsy in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIdiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a severe chronic disease that poses a serious threat to the life and health of patients. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, we analyzed the global, regional, and national burdens and trends of IE in children and adolescents (aged 0-19 years).
methodsUtilizing the GBD 2021 data, we analyzed the prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality of IE across 204 countries and regions globally. The regions were stratified according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Time trends were assessed using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).
resultsOver a 32-year period, global IE prevalence and incidence cases increased by 19% and 29%, while DALYs and death cases declined by 9% and 20%, respectively. Prevalence, DALYs, and death rates decreased annually, except for incidence rates, which rose. Low-middle SDI regions showed the highest disease burden, while high SDI regions experienced the greatest increase in prevalence rates. By age, the 10-19 age group had the highest growth in prevalence and incidence rates, while the <5 age group showed the largest decline in DALYs and death rates.
conclusionThe total number of IE cases increased, while DALYs and mortality rates decreased, reflecting the improvement of global medical interventions. The disease burden remains high in low SDI regions, and it is necessary to optimize prevention and control strategies according to the characteristics of different regions, ages, and genders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.