Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41016461›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2026

Changes in Access to High Pediatric Readiness Emergency Care in the United States from 2013 to 2021.

Allan M Joseph, Kristin N Ray, Kristen S Kurland, Hilary A Hewes, Kathleen M Brown, Billie S Davis, Jeremy M Kahn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Allan M JosephDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. Electronic address: Allan.Joseph@cchmc.org.
Kristin N RayDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Kristen S KurlandHeinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.
Hilary A HewesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT.
Kathleen M BrownDivision of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Health Systems, Washington, DC.
Billie S DavisDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Jeremy M KahnDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Health Policy & Management, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.

Funding

Multidisciplinary Training in Critical Care Outcomes ResearchT32HL007820 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Timothy D Girard, Jeremy M Kahn · 1996 to 2026
$6.4M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007820
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess changes in access to high readiness emergency departments (EDs) between the 2013 and 2021 editions of the National Pediatric Readiness Project (NPRP) assessments. STUDY

designWe performed a geospatial analysis of ED responses to the NPRP assessments, linked to national census data. We defined high pediatric readiness EDs as those scoring above the 75th percentile in the 2013 assessment. We defined timely access as living within a 30-minute drive of such an ED. We calculated the proportion of children with timely access nationally, by state, and by hospital referral region, and also assessed changes over time. Given the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on staffing, we conducted a secondary analysis that excluded staffing-related domains of readiness.

resultsBetween 2013 and 2021, the proportion of children with timely access to a high readiness ED decreased from 70.2% to 66.7%, representing 2.1 million fewer children. However, many states and regions experienced improvements in access exceeding 10 percentage points. When excluding domains of readiness related to staffing, access to EDs with high equipment- and process-related readiness increased from 75.8% to 79.5%.

conclusionsPediatric access to high readiness EDs modestly declined over time, but some areas saw meaningful improvements. Excluding staffing-related readiness, which may have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in access was observed. Future work should examine regions with improved access to identify strategies for further improving pediatric emergency care.

Indexed as

COVID-19Emergency Service, HospitalHealth Services AccessibilityChildHumansSARS-CoV-2United Statesaccessemergency medicinepediatric readiness

Identifiers

PMID41016461
PMCPMC12587296

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.