Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41015176›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Multiplexed, rapid phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing based on angle-resolved light scattering imaging of microfluidic droplets.

Martina Graf, Arjun Sarkar, Carl-Magnus Svensson, Anne-Sophie Munser, Sven Schröder, Elke Müller, Sundar Hengoju, Marc Thilo Figge, Miriam A Rosenbaum

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Martina GrafBio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: martina.graf@leibniz-hki.de.
Arjun SarkarInstitute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany; Applied System Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: arjun.sarkar@leibniz-hki.de.
Carl-Magnus SvenssonApplied System Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: carl-magnus.svensson@leibniz-hki.de.
Anne-Sophie MunserFunctional Surfaces and Coatings, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: anne-sophie.munser@iof.fraunhofer.de.
Sven SchröderFunctional Surfaces and Coatings, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: sven.schroeder@iof.fraunhofer.de.
Elke MüllerOptical Molecular Diagnostics and System Technology, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745 Jena, Germany; InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: elke.mueller@leibniz-ipht.de.
Sundar HengojuBio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: sundar.hengoju@leibniz-hki.de.
Marc Thilo FiggeInstitute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany; Applied System Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: thilo.figge@leibniz-hki.de.
Miriam A RosenbaumBio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute HKI, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany. Electronic address: Miriam.rosenbaum@leibniz-hki.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThere is an urgent need for rapid, high-throughput phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) capable of assessing a microbial sample's susceptibility to multiple antibiotics.

objectivesIn this study, we have established a multiplexed rapid AST platform that employs droplet microfluidics for high-throughput single-cell based analysis, 2D angle-resolved light scattering for growth detection, and fluorescence detection via optical fibers to identify the antibiotic condition within each droplet.

methodsFor this, multiple antibiotic conditions are coded with fluorescence dyes and encapsulated with single cells to enable the testing of multiple antibiotics in a single experiment. We utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and statistical models to assess the growth of various Staphylococcus aureus strains and determine the probability of susceptibility to different antibiotics.

resultsOur platform achieved a 95% categorical agreement with the disc diffusion reference method after just three hours of incubation, demonstrating the same level of accuracy as the established VITEK 2 system for the tested strains and antibiotics. Notably, our platform reduced the incubation time by 5-11 h compared to VITEK 2 and by 13-17 h compared to the gold standard disc diffusion method.

conclusionsWith the presented innovations, our technology takes a big step towards realizing true phenotypic determination of antibiotic resistance profiles for timely antimicrobial treatment decisions.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsMicrofluidicsStaphylococcus aureusConvolutional Neural NetworksMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicrofluidic Analytical TechniquesPhenotypeScattering, RadiationAnti-Bacterial AgentsAngle-resolved light scattering imagingConvolutional neural networksDroplet microfluidicsRapid antibiotic susceptibility testingStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID41015176
PMCPMC13227228

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.