Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41014481›Full record

ArticleProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2026

Plant-Based Protein Fermentation Medium Optimization for Antimicrobial Cell-Free Supernatant Production by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K014 Against Cutibacterium acnes.

Yee Ling Kong, Joo Shun Tan, Choon Fu Goh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yee Ling KongBioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6943-1795
Joo Shun TanBioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia. jooshun@usm.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5074-2016
Choon Fu GohDiscipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-4074

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatological conditions. Growing consumer demand for natural, vegan-friendly skincare has driven exploration of plant-based therapeutics. This study evaluates the antimicrobial potential of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermented in plant-based media against Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). Ten LAB strains were initially screened using agar-well diffusion, and six strains, namely, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K014, Levilactobacillus brevis C23, Limosilactobacillus reuteri BM5, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei FD1 and FD2, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CM1, exhibited inhibition zones of 10.33 to 23.67 mm. Strain K014, which exhibited the highest activity, was further evaluated across five plant-based protein substrates. Brown rice yielded the strongest inhibition (16.00 mm). Optimization via response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) identified an optimal formulation of 35 g/L brown rice, 15 g/L yeast extract, and 30 g/L lactose, producing a 21.67-mm inhibition zone. The optimized CFS was freeze-dried (lyophilized CFS, LCFS) and characterized, revealing MIC

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCulture MediaPlant ProteinsFermentationMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCulture MediaPlant ProteinsAnti-acne agentCell-free supernatantCutibacterium acnesLactiplantibacillus plantarum K014Plant-based fermentation

Identifiers

PMID41014481
PMCPMC13176149

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.