ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2026
Hazard and determinants of dropout and rehospitalization in patients with obesity after residential rehabilitation.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo identify clinical and sociodemographic factors that predict follow-up discontinuation and rehospitalisation after multidisciplinary residential rehabilitation for severe obesity, thereby defining high-risk patient profiles and guiding tailored retention strategies.
methodsWe retrospectively followed 1,851 adults with obesity discharged from a multidisciplinary residential programme between 2015 and 2018 (median BMI 42 kg m⁻²). Dropout, defined as more than twelve months without contact, was studied with discrete-time survival models; time to rehospitalisation was analysed with Cox regression.
resultsWithin twelve months 1,513 patients (87%) discontinued follow-up. Each five-year increase in age lowered drop-out risk (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, p = 0.004); diabetes had a similar protective effect (HR 0.89, 0.79-1.00, p = 0.0455). Rehospitalisation occurred in 591 patients (32%). Risk increased with age (5-years increment; HR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, p = 0.0191), baseline BMI (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.05, p < 0.0001), diabetes (HR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.30, p = 0.0306) and eating disorders (HR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.07-2.05, p = 0.0193). DISCUSSION: Maintaining the benefits of residential rehabilitation is important. In our cohort, 87% of patients dropped out of follow-up within one year and 32% were readmitted. Two distinct profiles emerged: younger and non-diabetic subjects were prone to dropout, while patients with higher BMI, diabetes, or eating disorders were at higher risk of rehospitalization. Early identification of these groups may suggest flexible, technology-assisted follow-up for working-age patients and integrated metabolic-psychiatric care for complex cases, safeguarding outcomes and optimizing resources.
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