ArticleBiochemical genetics2026
Detection of Vancomycin Resistance Enterococcus Species Holding Genes vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2, and vanC3 Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections.
Article in Biochemical genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Enterococci were hospitalized and resistant to numerous antibiotics. The present research aimed to determine the Vancomycin sensitivity by disc and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs), also detecting the relationship between Vancomycin resistance genes and the Vancomycin resistance in uropathogenic Enterococcus species. Totally, 150 urine specimens were obtained from patients who attended or admitted to Iraq hospitals. The bacteriological tests besides Vietic and (ddl of E. faecalis, ddl of E. faecium) genes were implemented for the identification of Enterococcus isolates. We indicate 27 Enterococcus isolates, among which 18 (66.7%) were E. faecalis, 4 (14.8%) were E. faecium, while 5 (18.5%) were other isolates belonging to the rest of Enterococcus species. The antibiotic resistance by disk-diffusion technique for Penicillin, Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Norfloxacin, Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Rifampin, Levofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Fosfomycin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, and Nitrofurantoin was 7 (25,92%), 7 (25,92%), 6 (22.22%), 5 (18.51%), 24 (88.89%), 5 (18.51%), 23 (85.18%), 5 (18.51%), 4 (14.81%), 14 (51.85%), 0 (0%), 3 (11.11%), and 1 (3.70%), respectively. The total isolates were Vancomycin Resistance Enterococci VRE using the MIC technique. Positive results for vanA 23 (85.18%), vanB 11 (40.74%), vanC1 3 (11.11%), vanC2, and vanC3 3 (11.11%). The results revealed that 23 (85.18%) out of VRE isolates possessed the Vancomycin-resistance genes. Although four isolates did not hold van genes, the resistance may be attributed to the occurrence of uncommon genes which not identified by this study; also the efflux pump has a role in resistance. The van genes might be transmitted, so important to monitor antibiotic resistance.
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