Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41014368›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2026

Risk factors for developmental delays in small for gestational age children at age of 24-36 months.

Yimin Zhang, Shuming Shao, Jiong Qin, Jie Liu, Guoli Liu, Zheng Liu, Xiaorui Zhang

Abstract read
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Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yimin ZhangDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
Shuming ShaoDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
Jiong QinDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
Jie LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
Guoli LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
Zheng LiuDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China. liuzheng@bjmu.edu.cn.
Xiaorui ZhangDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China. icy.zhang@163.com.

Funding

Beijing Education Science Planning Program during the 14th Five-Year Plan BECA23111Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities BMU2021YJ030The National Natural Science Foundation of China 82373694Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST 2023QNRC001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Long-term neurodevelopmental/socioemotional risks in small for gestational age (SGA) children lack robust evidence, especially maternal/neonatal predictors. The study aims to identify independent maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with atypical neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes in SGA children. This longitudinal cohort study included 412 singleton SGA infants born at Peking University People's Hospital in Beijing from January 2020 to December 2022. Participants underwent 24-36 months follow-up median 30 months, with neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes evaluated using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) and Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ: SE). These assessments categorized SGA children into normal/atypical development groups for both domains. Through assessment, there were 292 cases (70.9%) of development on track SGA children. The atypical neurodevelopment group included 92 cases (22.3%), among which 38 cases (9.2%) exhibited atypical development in one domain and 54 cases (13.1%) in ≥ 2 domains. The atypical socioemotional development group included 48 cases (11.7%). Additionally, 20 cases (4.9%) of SGA children exhibited both atypical neurodevelopment and atypical socioemotional development. Multivariable regression analysis showed that maternal pre-pregnancy underweight (OR = 6.93, 95% CI = 2.76-17.41), maternal inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) (OR = 4.63, 95% CI = 2.15-9.99), maternal excessive GWG (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.14-5.55), preterm infant (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.03-1.55), severe SGA (OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.47-5.90) and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Peking University People's Hospital (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.06-1.57) were independently related to the occurrence of atypical neurodevelopment outcomes in SGA children; maternal pre-pregnancy underweight (OR = 3.54, 95% CI = 1.11-7.27), maternal inadequate GWG (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.32-8.84), preterm infant (OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.09-7.17) and male (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.05-4.75) were independently related to the occurrence of atypical socioemotional development in SGA children. Monitoring and promoting of maternal appropriate weight gain or the maternal health would improve outcome of SGA infants.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentDevelopmental DisabilitiesInfant, Small for Gestational AgeAdultChild, PreschoolChinaFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLongitudinal StudiesMalePregnancyRisk FactorsAtypical neurodevelopmentAtypical socioemotional developmentGestational weight gainMaternal pre-pregnancy underweightPreterm infantSmall for gestational age

Identifiers

PMID41014368
PMCPMC12957003

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.