Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41013847›Full record

Observational studyJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025

Chronic pain and incident hypertension: an observational study of 0.4 million adults.

Yu Chen, Fuli Chen, Wenjuan Chen, Jie Liao, Jie Zeng, Wenjie Tian, Long Zhou

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yu Chen *Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Fuli Chen *Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Wenjuan ChenDepartment of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Jie LiaoDepartment of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Jie ZengDepartment of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Wenjie TianDepartment of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. tianwenjie1976@hotmail.com.
Long ZhouDepartment of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. zhoulong@med.uestc.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82300350Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program 2022YFS0604
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic pain and hypertension have an enormous influence on both society and individuals. No previous research has examined the association between pain in multiple sites and the risk of hypertension.

methodsA total of 402,230 individuals in the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank were included. The number of pain sites was categorized into 0 (no pain), 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4 sites of pain, and "pain all over the body". Cox proportional hazards model was respectively used to estimate the associations of the number of pain sites and specific pain with incident hypertension. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was also calculated.

resultsThere were 105,617 (26.3%) hypertension cases occurred during a median follow-up of 13.35 years. The incidence of hypertension in 0, 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4 pain sites, and "pain all over the body" were 23.2%, 27.5%, 31.3%, 34.6%, 38.0%, and 42.0%, respectively. Participants with 3, ≥ 4 pain sites, and "pain all over the body" respectively had 36% (95% CI: 33%-40%), 50% (95% CI: 46%-55%), and 62% (95% CI: 55%-69%) higher risk of hypertension compared with those without pain. All types of pain including headache, facial pain, neck/shoulder pain, back pain, stomach/abdominal pain, hip pain, and knee pain, were positively associated with the incidence of hypertension.

conclusionWe provided evidence that the number of pain sites was associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Certain specific types of pain, such as headache, neck/shoulder pain, and back pain, were also associated with hypertension risk.

Indexed as

Chronic PainHypertensionAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsUnited KingdomBack painChronic painCohort studyHypertensionUK biobank

Identifiers

PMID41013847
PMCPMC12465872

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.