ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2025
Design and selection of items for a new health-related quality of life instrument with infertility patients (Infertility-QoL): a national multicenter, four-phase, mixed-methods study.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfertility is a global issue that significantly imposes physical and psychosocial burdens on both female and male patients, affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and family wellbeing. The aim of this study was to develop a de novo HRQoL instrument for male and female infertility patients in China, and describe the generation and selection of items for Infertility-QoL.
methodsThis study used a mixed methods design involving 4 steps. The items identified from the systematic review and qualitative interview analysis were used to construct draft candidate items (step 1). In order to ensure item relevance, comprehension, and acceptability, using cognitive interviews prior to quantifying psychometric testing (step 2). In the third step, we conducted a cross-sectional quantitative offline survey for item selection. Classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) were used to assess dimensionality and performance of items. Finally, by conducting advisory committee consultations and thematic seminars, the items were further qualitatively evaluated, and developed a formal version of the Infertility-QoL (step 4).
resultsStep 1 resulted in the generation of 73 items. Based on CTT and IRT psychometric evidence, 36 items were deleted. Finally, according to the advisory committee consultations for qualitative evaluation, a formal version of the Infertility-QoL with 25 items was developed. The exploratory factor analysis results showed that the 6-factor model was appropriate. The newly developed instrument (Infertility-QoL) consisted of 25 items across six dimensions: physical health, sexual life, emotional status, self-efficacy, subjective wellbeing and social relations.
conclusionsThis study developed the new Infertility-QoL instrument for male and female infertility patients, and preliminarily verified its dimensions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.