Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41013513›Full record

ArticleBMC urology2025

Comparative real-world study of apalutamide and darolutamide in Japanese patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Maiko Ikeda, Koichi Uemura, Yusuke Ito, Hiroki Ito, Takashi Kawahara, Hisashi Hasumi, Jun-Ichi Teranishi, Kazuhide Makiyama, Hiroji Uemura

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC urology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Maiko IkedaDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan.
Koichi UemuraDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan. uemura.koi.pf@yokohama-cu.ac.jp.
Yusuke ItoDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan.
Hiroki ItoDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan.
Takashi KawaharaDepartment of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Hisashi HasumiDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan.
Jun-Ichi TeranishiDepartment of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Kazuhide MakiyamaDepartment of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2360004, Japan.
Hiroji UemuraDepartment of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) is often asymptomatic but carries a risk of progression to metastatic disease. Apalutamide (APA) and darolutamide (DARO) have been shown to improve metastasis-free survival (MFS). This study evaluated the real-world efficacy and safety of APA and DARO in Japanese patients with nmCRPC.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 67 nmCRPC patients treated with APA (n = 32) or DARO (n = 35). Outcomes included time to treatment discontinuation or mCRPC progression, time to mCRPC, PSA response rate, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), post-mCRPC treatment patterns, and predictors of progression.

resultsIn patients with prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) < 10 months, no significant difference was observed between the APA and DARO groups in the time to progression to mCRPC. PSA response and MFS were comparable between groups. TRAEs were significantly more frequent with APA (75.0% vs. 25.7%), with rash being the most common. High PSA at treatment initiation (≥ 3.6 ng/mL) and PSA response < 90% were independent predictors of progression. Abiraterone was the most common first-line agent after mCRPC.

conclusionsDARO was associated with a lower incidence of TRAEs compared to APA. Rash was more prevalent with APA. Elevated baseline PSA and suboptimal PSA response were associated with progression.

Indexed as

Androgen Receptor AntagonistsProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantPyrazolesThiohydantoinsAgedAged, 80 and overEast Asian PeopleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsapalutamidedarolutamidePyrazolesThiohydantoinsApalutamideCastration-resistantDarolutamideProstatic neoplasmsTreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID41013513
PMCPMC12465178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.