Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41013464›Full record

ArticleBMC women's health2025

Comparative hysteroscopic profiles among women with primary and secondary infertility at Benjamin Mkapa hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Hindu Ibrahim Hussein, Sanun Ally Kessy, Alfred Deo Luvakule, Bahati Simon Katembo, Shemsa Said Khatib, Alphonce Chandika, Monica S Kessy, Abel N Makubi

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hindu Ibrahim HusseinDirectorate of Research and Training, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Sanun Ally KessyDirectorate of Research and Training, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania. sahnunally@outlook.com.
Alfred Deo LuvakuleDirectorate of Medical Services, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Bahati Simon KatemboDirectorate of Nursing and Clinical Administration, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Shemsa Said KhatibDirectorate of Research and Training, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Alphonce ChandikaDirectorate of Curative Services, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 743, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Monica S KessyDirectorate of Research and Training, Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Abel N MakubiBenjamin Mkapa Hospital, P.O. Box 11088, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfertility affects an estimated 48 million couples globally, with disproportionately high rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Intrauterine abnormalities are common but underdiagnosed causes of infertility, particularly in low-resource settings where advanced diagnostic tools such as hysteroscopy are underutilized. This study aimed to compare hysteroscopic findings between women with primary infertility and those with secondary infertility at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, Tanzania.

methodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women with infertility who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy. Simple random sampling was used. Hysteroscopic findings were categorized via the European Society for Gynecological Endoscopy (ESGE) classification system. The data were analyzed via Stata version 18.

resultsA total of 198 women with infertility 103 (52.02%) with primary infertility and 95 (47.98%) with secondary infertility were included. Abnormal hysteroscopic findings were more prevalent in women with secondary infertility 56 (58.95%) than in those with primary infertility 28 (27.18%). The number of intrauterine adhesions was notably greater in the secondary infertility group (13.7%) than in the primary infertility group 6 (5.8%), with more severe adhesions observed. Conversely, secondary infertility was observed more often in patients with endometrial polyps (11.6%) than primary infertility was.

conclusionSecondary infertility is associated to acquired intrauterine pathology, particularly adhesions, which are likely to result from infections or trauma. Routine diagnostic hysteroscopy should be integrated into infertility workups to increase diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate treatment, especially in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

HysteroscopyInfertility, FemaleUterine DiseasesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansTanzaniaHysteroscopyIntrauterine adhesionsPrimary infertilityReproductive healthSecondary infertilityTanzania

Identifiers

PMID41013464
PMCPMC12465408

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