ArticleBMC medical imaging2025
Pilot study of association between neonatal brain perivascular space volume and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Imaging Biomarkers of the Glymphatic System in the Developing Brain.Korean journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Perivascular space volume measurement at the inferior basal ganglia on cranial ultrasound in neonates: associations with germinal matrix hemorrhage and brain maturation.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Increased CSF volume, altered brain development and emotional reactivity after postnatal Zika virus infection in infant rhesus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
introductionPerivascular space (PVS) has recently gained attention as a neurological indicator. However, there is still limited research on the relationship between basal ganglia PVS (BG-PVS) volume and neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to investigate the association between BG-PVS volume of neonates at term-equivalent age and their neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months.
methodsThis single-center retrospective pilot study included neonates who underwent brain MRI between 2019 and 2022 at term-equivalent age and had neurodevelopmental assessment at 24 months using Bayley Scales of infant development third (Bayley-III). Sample size was determined by feasibility constraints with recruitment of available neonates from our clinical population. BG-PVS volume was extracted from brain MRI using 3D T2-weighted images through a combination of computational processing and manual refinement. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the associations between BG-PVS volume and three Bayley-III scores (cognitive, language, and motor), adjusting for postmenstrual age. BG-PVS volumes between neonates with normal and delayed development were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests with False Discovery Rate correction for multiple comparisons.
resultsA total of 14 neonates were included (8 [57%] males; median gestational age, 246 [243-254] days). There were negative associations between BG-PVS volume and cognitive (coefficient = -0.70, P = 0.04), language (coefficient = -0.69, P = 0.01), and motor (coefficient = -0.71, P = 0.02) development scores. Neonates with delayed development showed larger BG-PVS volumes compared to those with normal development for language (38 [27-45] mm³ vs. 18 [17-25] mm³, P = 0.02) and motor domains (50 [49-51] mm³ vs. 26 [20-36] mm³, P = 0.02). BG-PVS volume was larger in neonates with delayed cognitive development compared to those with normal development, but the difference was not significant (49 [40-50] mm³ vs. 25 [20-36] mm³, P = 0.06).
conclusionIn this pilot study, larger BG-PVS volume in neonates at term-equivalent age was associated with poorer developmental outcomes at 24 months. These preliminary findings suggest that BG-PVS volume may warrant further investigation as a potential early imaging biomarker for neurodevelopmental risk assessment in neonates, though larger studies are needed to confirm these associations.
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