Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41013384›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025

Evaluation of ten diagnostic models for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in lean people living with HIV.

Wei Xu, Danping Liu, Renfang Zhang, Jun Chen, Yinzhong Shen

Registry-linked trialAbstract readEvaluation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04215926 (The Epidemiological Investigation and Pathogenesis of NAFLD in HIV-infected Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04215926 unknown statusnot on this map

The Epidemiological Investigation and Pathogenesis of NAFLD in HIV-infected Patients: a Cross-sectional Study

TypeobservationalSponsorShanghai Public Health Clinical CenterRan2019 to 2020Enrolled400ConditionsHIV-infection/Aids, NAFLDArmsNo intervention, cross-sectional study
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wei Xu *Department of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China.
Danping Liu *Department of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China.
Renfang ZhangDepartment of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China.
Jun ChenDepartment of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China.
Yinzhong ShenDepartment of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, China. shenyinzhong@shphc.org.cn.

Funding

Shanghai Hospital Development Center SHDC22024317Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project ZD2021CY001Shanghai's Three-Year Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction GWVI-9
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of lean metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (lean MAFLD) in people living with HIV (PLWH) and to evaluate the performance of ten diagnostic models in identifying MAFLD in this population.

methodsLean MAFLD was defined as MAFLD occurring in patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 24 kg/m². Ten models, including fatty liver index (FLI), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), Simple Index (SI), index of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (ION), ZJU index, non-alcoholic fatty liver screening score (NSS), K-non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (K-NAFLD), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP), were evaluated for their ability to diagnose MAFLD. The diagnostic performance of these models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

resultsAmong the 361 PLWH, 141 were diagnosed with MAFLD, resulting in a prevalence of 39.06%. MAFLD affected 58 (23.20%) of the 250 lean PLWH. For lean PLWH, the results generally matched those of the overall population. The NSS had the highest AUROC of 0.87, followed by the FLI (AUROC = 0.86), ZJU (AUROC = 0.85), and LAP (AUROC = 0.85). There was no statistically significant difference in diagnostic efficacy between NSS and these three indicators. The NSS performed significantly better than VAI, SI, NAFLD-LFS, K-NAFLD, ION, and HSI, with AUROC values of 0.80, 0.80, 0.80, 0.79, 0.79, and 0.77, respectively (all p < 0.05). Interestingly, for PLWH who are overweight, the diagnostic value of these models was low, ranging from 0.64 to 0.77. The FLI achieved a higher AUROC of 0.77, while the ION had the lowest value of 0.64.

conclusionOur study found a significant prevalence of MAFLD among lean PLWH. While general population-based diagnostic models show moderate accuracy in diagnosing MAFLD in this subgroup, they perform poorly in overweight PLWH, indicating the need for more specialized approaches.

trial registrationThis study was registered with the U.S. National Library of Medicine’s ClinicalTrials.gov platform under the code NCT04215926 on December 29, 2019.

Indexed as

Fatty LiverHIV InfectionsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAdultBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceROC CurveHepatic steatosis modelLean metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseasePeople living with HIV

Identifiers

PMID41013384
PMCPMC12465530

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.