ArticleBMC genomics2025
Selection and validation of RT-qPCR reference genes for multi-tissue gene expression normalization in two honeybee subspecies across post-emergence developmental stages.
Article in BMC genomics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe western honeybee (Apis mellifera) represents a pivotal model organism for investigating social organization and phenotypic plasticity. Behavioral specialization in worker bees induces tissue-specific molecular adaptations, particularly in sensory and secretory tissues. Although real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) has been extensively employed to quantify gene expression dynamics in these tissues, systematic evaluation of optimal reference genes for RT-qPCR data normalization remains undressed.
resultsWe systematically assessed nine candidate reference genes across three tissues (antennae, hypopharyngeal glands, and brains) in adult honeybees at three developmental stages (newly emerged bees, nurses, and foragers) from two subspecies (A. m. ligustica and A. m. carnica). Using five statistical algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, ΔC
conclusionsOur findings provide validated reference genes for precise quantification of tissue-specific gene expression patterns during adult honeybee development. These reference genes facilitate identification of candidate genes associated with honeybee development, social behavior, and productivity traits.
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