Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41012728›Full record

ArticleVeterinary sciences2025

Immunogenicity of Virus-like Particles Based on VP1 Protein of Bovine Norovirus.

Zhigang Ma, Xuelian Ma, Xinyu Tao, Yong Huang, Qian Jiang, Xiaojun Ding, Fang Min, Yichen Chu, Ru Li, Xinying Zhang and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Calicivirus Infections in Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Zhigang MaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Xuelian MaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7336-2211
Xinyu TaoCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Yong HuangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China.
Qian JiangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Xiaojun DingCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Fang MinCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Yichen ChuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Ru LiCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Xinying ZhangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.
Lu LiuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.ORCID 0009-0009-0994-7130
Caiyun ZhangTacheng Vocational and Technical College, Tacheng 843300, China.
Qi ZhongXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society, Urumuqi 830011, China.
Gang YaoCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi 830052, China.

Funding

the Autonomous Region Innovation Team Project 2023D14018the Autonomous Region's Major Science and Technology Projects 2023A02007-2the National Natural Science Foundation of China 32460870
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bovine Norovirus (BNoV) is a member of the enterovirus family that can cause gastroenteritis in calves. This virus poses a significant risk to calf growth and development as well as to the long-term sustainability of the cattle industry in China and elsewhere. No specific treatment or vaccine is currently available; thus, the development of a safe and effective vaccine is paramount. Here, we describe a strategy to assemble BNoV virus-like particles (VLPs) using the insect baculovirus expression system (BEV) to express the major structural protein, VP1, and demonstrate their potentiality as vaccines. The results showed that the BNoV-VLP self-assembled into complete spherical particles with a diameter of approximately 40 nm. When it was immunized in mice, the levels of specific IgG and IgA antibodies peaked at weeks 6 and 7 post-immunization, respectively, with maximum titers of 1:25,600 and 1:200. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in the CD4

Indexed as

bovine norovirusimmunogenicityvirus-like particles

Identifiers

PMID41012728
PMCPMC12474133

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.