ArticlePolymers2025
Additive Manufacturing of Bio-Based PA11 Composites with Recycled Short Carbon Fibers: Stiffness-Strength Characterization.
Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discontinuous Highly Aligned Carbon Fibre Tapes Combined with Bio-Based Polyamide 11.Polymers · 2026Article
- Thermo-Mechanical and Fatigue Behavior of 3D-Printed PA12 CF15 for Engineering Application.Polymers · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Short carbon fiber-reinforced bio-based polyamide 11 (PA11) composites were developed in filament form for Additive Fusion Technology (AFT) 3D printing and benchmarked against injection-molded samples. Composites containing 15 and 25 weight percent (wt%) recycled carbon fibers (rCFs) were successfully extruded into 1.75 mm diameter filaments, whereas higher fiber contents (35 wt%) led to brittle filament failure. AFT printing with subsequent consolidation produced short fiber composites with highly aligned fibers, while injection molding generated more randomly oriented microstructures. Mechanical testing revealed that AFT-printed composites in the fiber direction achieved significantly higher stiffness and comparable tensile strength to injection-molded counterparts. At 25 wt% fiber content, AFT 0° specimens reached an axial tensile modulus of 14.5 GPa, about 32% higher than injection-molded samples (11.0 GPa), with similar axial tensile strength (~123 vs. 126 MPa). However, AFT specimens displayed pronounced anisotropy: transverse (90°) properties dropped to ~2.3 GPa for transverse modulus and ~46-50 MPa transverse tensile strength, near matrix-dominated levels. Impact testing showed orientation-dependent toughness, with AFT 90° samples at 15% fiber content achieving the highest impact energy (76 kJ·m
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