Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41011831›Full record

ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Update on Ophthalmic Implications of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus.

Timothy Kaftan, Nam V Nguyen, Jack Begley, Tolulope Fashina, Jessica Carag, Steven Yeh

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Timothy KaftanTruhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-9867-0909
Nam V NguyenTruhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
Jack BegleyTruhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-7259-9342
Tolulope FashinaTruhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9024-9202
Jessica CaragDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30308, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2634-9457
Steven YehTruhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.

Funding

Pathogenesis of Uveitis in Ebola Virus Disease SurvivorsR01EY029594 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER · PI YEH, STEVEN · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY029594
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) represents a growing public health challenge, given broadening zoonotic vectors, with a previously reported human mortality rate of roughly 50%. Late March 2024 marked the start of a new outbreak of HPAI A(H5N1) in the United States. While offering unique public health challenges, this outbreak also provides insight into clinical presentation and ocular involvement implications, transmission vectors, and the implementation of successful surveillance strategies.

objectivesThis review seeks to highlight current and historical outbreak trends, transmission and ocular tropism significance, and strategies to mitigate viral spread.

methodsA comprehensive narrative literature review was completed using PubMed database as well as local, federal, and international public health press releases. DISCUSSION: The 2024 US outbreak of H5N1 demonstrates the unique adaptability of the virus. Traditionally transmitted to humans via infected poultry, this outbreak marks the first confirmed case of dairy cow-transmitted human infection. Unlike many past H5N1outbreaks, the majority of patients in the current US outbreak have presented with conjunctivitis either alone or alongside systemic symptoms. This ocular-specific disease manifestation offers new clinical and screening implications. Awareness of ophthalmic involvement among physicians and public health organizations can help guide screening candidates and identify potential infections.

Indexed as

Influenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza in BirdsAnimalsDisease OutbreaksHumansPoultryUnited StatesconjunctivitisH5N1highly pathogenic avian influenzasialic acid residues

Identifiers

PMID41011831
PMCPMC12472830

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.