Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41011531›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2025

Neutralizing Antibodies vs. Viruses: Interacting Mechanisms and Escape Tactics.

Hao Lu, Yichen Liu, Yue Song, Longxin Chen, Limeng Zhang, Runting Li, Xiaoning Nie, Guoqiang Zhu, Xueyan Ding, Linqing Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Selected Cannabinoids, Cannabimimetic Agents andPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hao LuMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.ORCID 0009-0005-3000-1893
Yichen LiuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Yue SongMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8943-1530
Longxin ChenMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
Limeng ZhangMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
Runting LiMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
Xiaoning NieMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
Guoqiang ZhuCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Xueyan DingCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Linqing WangMolecular Biology Laboratory, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.

Funding

Henan Postdoctoral Research Foundation HN2024113Key Specialized Research and Development Breakthrough Program in Henan province 232102311138National Natural Science Foundation of China 32503083the Key Scientific Research Project Plan of Institutions of Higher Learning in Henan Province 26A180029
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) serve as critical components of host immune defense, countering viral infections by specifically recognizing epitopes on viral surface antigens to block viral entry and replication. This review elucidates the functional mechanisms of VNAs, with a focus on the dynamic interactions between the Fab region and viral epitopes, including steric hindrance and conformational locking, as well as the effector functions mediated by the Fc segment. Furthermore, we dissect diverse viral evasion strategies against neutralization that have emerged in recent studies, encompassing antigenic drift/shift, glycan shielding, epitope occlusion, antibody-dependent enhancement, and mutation accumulation under population immune pressure. Integrating structural biology insights with clinical evidence, we analyze challenges in developing broadly neutralizing antibodies and highlight innovative technological approaches. Our synthesis aims to establish a theoretical framework for the rational design and clinical translation of next-generation VNAs, thereby advancing novel strategies for antiviral therapeutics development.

Indexed as

antiviral immunitybroad-spectrum antibodychallengesimmune escapeVNAs

Identifiers

PMID41011531
PMCPMC12472874

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.