Effects of Micro(nano)plastics on Anaerobic Digestion and Their Influencing Mechanisms.

Xinghua Qi, Hezhen Wang, Yixuan Li, Jing Liu, Jiameng Sun, Wanli Zhang, Wanli Xing, Rundong Li

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xinghua QiSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Hezhen WangSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Yixuan LiSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Jing LiuSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Jiameng SunSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Wanli ZhangSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Wanli XingSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Rundong LiSchool of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, No. 37 Daoyi South Avenue, Shenyang 110136, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Liaoning Province LJ212410143033National Natural Science Foundation of China 52476215Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province 2024JH3/10200047Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province 2024-MS-139

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Micro(nano)plastics are important emerging contaminants and a current research hotspot in the environmental field. Micro(nano)plastics widely exist in various organic wastes such as waste sludge, food waste (FW) and livestock manure and often enter into digesters along with anaerobic digestion (AD) treatment of these wastes, thereby exerting extensive and profound influences on anaerobic process performance. This study reviews sources of micro(nano)plastics and their pathways entering the anaerobic system and summarizes the quantities, sizes, shapes and micromorphology of various micro(nano)plastics in waste sludge, FW, livestock manure, yard waste and municipal solid waste. The current advances on the effects of multiple micro(nano)plastics mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) with different sizes and quantities (or concentrations) on AD of organic wastes in terms of methane production, organic acid degradation and process stability are comprehensively overviewed and mechanisms of micro(nano)plastics affecting AD involved in microbial cells, key enzymes, microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes are analyzed. Meanwhile, coupling effects of micro(nano)plastics with some typical pollutants such as antibiotics and heavy metals on AD are also reviewed. Due to the extreme complexity of the anaerobic system, current research still lacks full understanding concerning composite influences of different types, sizes and concentrations of micro(nano)plastics on AD under various operating modes. Future research should focus on elucidating mechanisms of micro(nano)plastics affecting organic metabolic pathways and the expression of specific functional genes of microorganisms, exploring the fate and transformation of micro(nano)plastics along waste streams including but not limited to AD, investigating the interaction between micro(nano)plastics and other emerging contaminants (such as perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulphonate) and their coupling effects on anaerobic systems, and developing accurate detection and quantification methods for micro(nano)plastics and technologies for eliminating the negative impacts of micro(nano)plastics on AD.

Indexed as

anaerobic digestionmicroplasticsnanoplasticsorganic waste

Identifiers

PMID41011449

DOI10.3390/microorganisms13092118

PMCPMC12472425

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.