ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Advances in the Application of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Drug Delivery Systems.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploring the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Graphene Oxide: Key Mechanisms and Future Directions.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Edge-Grafted Polyarginine Functionalization of Graphene Nanocarriers Maintains Noncovalent Aromatic Drug Loading.Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society · 2026Article
- Mannosylated graphene oxide nanotherapeutics co-delivering docetaxel and a STING agonist reprogram myeloid cells and potentiate antitumor immunity.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Vat Photopolymerization-Fabricated Theranostic Hydrogels for Smart Wound Management.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Integrating Graphene into Polymeric Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Review
- Functionalization of carbon nanospheres with curcumin, polyethylene glycol and folic acid: potential use as drug carriers.RSC advances · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Graphene, owing to its exceptionally high specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, and outstanding biocompatibility, exhibits tremendous potential in the development of nanodrug delivery systems. This review systematically outlines the latest research advancements regarding graphene and its derivatives in drug loading, targeted delivery, and smart release. It covers delivery strategies and mechanisms for various types of drugs, including small molecules and macromolecules, with a particular emphasis on their applications in major diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, and infection control. The article also discusses stimulus-responsive release mechanisms, such as pH-responsiveness and photothermal responsiveness, and highlights the critical role of surface functionalization of graphene and its derivatives in enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. Furthermore, the review evaluates key challenges to the clinical translation of graphene-based materials, including safety, toxicity, and metabolic uncertainties. It points out that future research should focus on integrating structural modulation of materials with biological behavior to construct intelligent nanoplatforms featuring biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and precise therapeutic targeting. The aim of this paper is to provide theoretical insights and technical guidance for the customized design and precision medicine applications of graphene and its derivative-based drug delivery systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.