The Perceived Internalized Sexual Stigma Measure (PrISSM): A New Sexual Stigma Measure for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals.

Miguel A Padilla, Lacey M Schlappi, Evelyn S Chiang

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Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 authors.

Miguel A PadillaDepartment of Psychology, Old Dominion University, 250 Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.

Lacey M SchlappiDepartment of Psychology, Old Dominion University, 250 Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-6116-0462

Evelyn S ChiangPsychology Department, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC 28804, USA.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Society has long held negative beliefs and attitudes, in the form of sexual stigma, towards sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual; LGB). Sexual stigma can be adopted and internalized by LGB individuals as their own beliefs and attitudes. In LGB individuals, internalized sexual stigma can result in psychological distress such as low self-esteem, depression, shame, and feelings of rejection. However, an instrument to assess internalized sexual stigma specifically developed for LGB individuals is lacking. The present study focuses on the development of a new instrument, the Perceived Internalized Sexual Stigma Measure (PrISSM), that is inclusive of LGB individuals who are 18 years and older. Exploratory and Bayesian confirmatory factor analyses indicate that internalized sexual stigma, as measured by the PrISSM, consists of two factors: internal conflict and disclosure conflict. The two-factor structure is also invariant to LGB individuals. As such, items of the PrISSM do not need to be separately reworded for lesbian, gay, or bisexual individuals. In addition, the PrISSM is a brief instrument composed of 4 items per factor (8 items total). Convergent and discriminant validity evidence is also provided.

Indexed as

Bayesian methodsinternalized homonegativityinternalized homophobiainternalizes sexual stigmaLGBmeasurepublic healthsexual behaviorsexual minority health

Identifiers

PMID41009258

DOI10.3390/bs15091228

PMCPMC12466742

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.