Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41008061›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Application of the Three-Group Model to the 2024 US Elections.

Miron Kaufman, Sanda Kaufman, Hung T Diep

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Miron KaufmanDepartment of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2024-5980
Sanda KaufmanLevin School of Urban Affairs, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4952-6057
Hung T DiepLaboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, Institut Sciences et Techniques, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, UMR 8089, 2, Avenue Adolphe Chauvin, 95302 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France.ORCID 0000-0003-1852-3435

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Political polarization in Western democracies has accelerated in the last decade, with negative social consequences. Research across disciplines on antecedents, manifestations and societal impacts is hindered by social systems' complexity: their constant flux impedes tracing causes of observed trends and prediction of consequences, hampering their mitigation. Social physics models exploit a characteristic of complex systems: what seems chaotic at one observation level may exhibit patterns at a higher level. Therefore, dynamic modeling of complex systems allows anticipation of possible events. We use this approach to anticipate 2024 US election results. We consider the highly polarized Democrats and Republicans, and Independents fluctuating between them. We generate average group-stance scenarios in time and explore how polarization and depolarization might have affected 2024 voting outcomes. We find that reducing polarization might advantage the larger voting group. We also explore ways to reduce polarization, and their potential effects on election results. The results inform regarding the perils of polarization trends, and on possibilities of changing course.

Indexed as

anticipatory scenariosdynamic modelingopinion dynamicspolitical polarizationstatistical physics approaches for social dynamicsvoting

Identifiers

PMID41008061
PMCPMC12468203

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.