ReviewBiomedicines2025
The Role of Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer.
Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characterization of Oncogenic and Immunogenic Profiling in Patients with Breast Cancer Tumors After Radiation Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Microbiome-Driven Mechanisms in Breast Cancer: Emerging Evidence From Gut Microbial Signatures to Therapeutic Response.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Revisiting the standard of care for immune checkpoint inhibitors in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: timing, duration, dose, combination, and patient selection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer and is the leading cause of cancer mortality in females worldwide. Breast cancer incidence has been increasing over the last few decades; simultaneously, novel therapeutic agents including immunotherapies and targeted therapies have become more prominent in use. Radiation therapy continues to serve as a cornerstone to breast cancer treatment in both early-stage and locoregionally advanced disease. Given the improvement in systemic agents, there is increasing interest in investigating the potential synergistic effect of radiation therapy and immunotherapy. As new trials and studies emerge demonstrating the clinical benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in breast cancer, especially in PD-L1-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it is crucial to investigate the safety and efficacy of combining immunotherapy with radiation treatment. This narrative review discusses the impact of radiation therapy on anti-tumor immunogenicity, and examines the role of immunotherapy and radiation therapy in early-stage, locally advanced, recurrent, and metastatic breast cancer. We conducted a targeted literature search between 2010 and 2024, and included phase II/III clinical trials, mechanistic studies, and ongoing trials that evaluated the combination of immunotherapy (IO) and radiation therapy (RT). We discuss ongoing clinical studies, side effects, and optimal timing of combined IO and RT to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.