ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Proof-of-Concept Study: Hyperspectral Imaging for Quantification of DKK-3 Expression in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma.
Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Hyperspectral imaging in oral oncology: a scoping review.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common tumours worldwide. This study investigated the suitability of visible and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging compared to visual assessment and conventional digital image analysis for quantifying immunohistochemical staining on the example of Dickkopf-3 (DKK-3) in OSCC. MATERIALS AND
methodsA retrospective analysis of TMAs containing DKK-3 stained OSCC of 50 patients was retrieved from the archives at the Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck. TMAs were first evaluated visually, followed by digital image analysis using QuPath (version 0.3.2, open-source software). For hyperspectral imaging, six exemplary cases were selected (three cases with strong expression and three cases with weak expression) and evaluated. The collected hyperspectral images were visualised using TIVITA (Tissue Imaging System). The resulting true-colour images and the classified HSI images were then assessed using the QuPath software. The Allred score and the H-score were used for all analyses.
results97 tissue cores were used for visual and digital image analysis. No significant difference was found between the evaluations of visual and digital image analysis using the H-score (pWilcoxon = 0.278), and both H-scores correlated significantly with each other (p
conclusionVisible and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (VIS-NIR-HSI) is a promising complementary tool for digital pathology workflows. This proof-of-concept study suggests that HSI offers the potential for more objective quantification of DKK-3 expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in cases with weak staining. However, given the small sample size and exploratory design, the findings should be regarded as hypothesis-generating. Future studies with larger, clinically annotated cohorts and standardised workflows are needed before any consideration of routine clinical application.
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