ArticleScientific reports2025
Bio decolorization of the oil soluble azo dye toluidine Red by Halomonas strain A3.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Microbial systems for azo dye biodegradation: enzymatic mechanisms, microbial consortia, and emerging biotechnological strategies.Microbial cell factories · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Synthetic dye wastewater is a significant environmental concern, particularly due to its extensive usage in industries such as textiles, printing, and dyeing. Traditional methods for treating wastewater with synthetic dyes are often seen as costly and inefficient, primarily because of the dyes' robust chemical nature. In light of these challenges, there has been a growing interest in recent years in the use of biodegradation. This method utilizes specific microorganisms capable of breaking down these stubborn pollutants, offering a more sustainable and effective solution for their removal. Given the limited detailed studies on the bacterial decolorization of oil-soluble (solvent-soluble) azo dyes, there is a significant need to address this issue. The ability of salt-tolerant bacteria named Halomonas strain A3 to decolorize an oil soluble azo dye, Toluidine Red was investigated. Decolorization conditions, including initial dye concentration, pH, NaCl percent (w/v), and incubation temperature, were optimized using the one-factor-at-a-time method with dye as the sole carbon and energy source. The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric method, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses were used to investigate the decolorization mechanism at optimum condition, including 25 ppm dye concentration, 5% (w/v) NaCl, pH 6.5, and incubation temperature of 35 °C. Compared to the parent dye, the ultraviolet-visible scan of the supernatant suggested that the degradation mechanism was the main reason for color removal rather than inactive surface adsorption. HPLC analysis confirmed this conclusion. The final compounds produced from TR degradation were identified as benzene diazonium (m/z 105 ± 1) and 3-Phenyl-acrylic acid (m/z 149 ± 1). According to the results, Halomonas strain A3 is a practical alternative for degrading effluents containing oil-soluble azo dyes in salty conditions. A pathway for dye degradation was predicted based on the obtained intermediate and final products.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.