Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41005300›Full record

Observational studyCell reports. Medicine2025

Phocaeicola vulgatus induces immunotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via reducing indoleacetic acid production.

Cai-Ning Zhao, Shan-Shan Li, Thomas Yau, Wen-Qi Chen, Ren Ji, Xin-Yuan Guan, Feng-Ming Spring Kong

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Cell reports. Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Low-Dose Intestinal Irradiation Enhances the Efficacy and Prognosis of PD-1 Blockade in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Cai-Ning ZhaoDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Shan-Shan LiDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Thomas YauDepartment of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Wen-Qi ChenDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Ren JiDepartment of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Xin-Yuan GuanDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Feng-Ming Spring KongDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: kong0001@hku.hk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapy has made remarkable achievements in various cancers, but response rates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain highly variable. Understanding mechanisms behind this heterogeneity and identifying responsive patients are urgent clinical challenges. In this study, the metagenomic analysis of 65 HCC patients reveals distinct gut microbiota profiles distinguishing responders (Rs) from non-responders (NRs). These findings are further validated through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in mouse models. Notably, Phocaeicola vulgatus (P. vulgatus) is enriched in NRs and diminishes anti-PD-1 efficacy in both syngeneic and orthotopic tumor models. Mechanistically, P. vulgatus suppresses the production of indoleacetic acid (IAA), thereby weakening interferon (IFN)-γ

Indexed as

BacteroidesCarcinoma, HepatocellularDysbiosisGastrointestinal MicrobiomeImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsIndoleacetic AcidsLiver NeoplasmsAgedAnimalsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFecal Microbiota TransplantationFecesFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsindoleacetic acidIndoleacetic AcidsProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptorgut microbiotaimmune checkpoint inhibitorimmunotherapyindoleacetic acidliver cancerPhocaeicola vulgatus

Identifiers

PMID41005300
PMCPMC12629828

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.