Dynamics of photonic toroidal vortices mediated by orbital angular momenta.

Xin Liu, Nianjia Zhang, Qian Cao, Jinsong Liu, Chunhao Liang, Qiwen Zhan, Yangjian Cai

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Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

Spatiotemporally localized optical links and knots.Nature communications · 2026
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7 authors.

Xin LiuShandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.ORCID 0009-0009-9523-0389

Nianjia ZhangSchool of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Qian CaoSchool of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

Jinsong LiuShandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.

Chunhao LiangShandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4346-705X

Qiwen ZhanSchool of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8745-4213

Yangjian CaiShandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3440-7709

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The dynamics of fluidic vortex rings have long captivated researchers because of their complex behavior despite simple structure. Photonic toroidal vortices constitute a family of three-dimensional, spacetime nonseparable structured light fields carrying transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM). However, as solutions to the dispersive Maxwells' equations, these wave packets do not survive nondispersive propagation, and their dynamics remain elusive. In this article, the dynamics of photonic toroidal vortices under various dispersion regimes, mediated by transverse and longitudinal OAM, are investigated through simulations and experiments. The results reveal that the motion of a toroidal vortex is strongly affected by longitudinal OAM. The swirling flow destabilizes the toroidal structure under dispersion and induces topological transformations of vortex lines, characterized by annihilation and subsequent reformation in vacuum. The renascent toroidal vortex exhibits robust propagation in vacuum while maintaining its structure. These findings are supported by experimental validation and highlight the potential of photonic toroidal vortices as controllable channels for directional energy and information transfer.

Identifiers

PMID41004577

DOI10.1126/sciadv.adz0843

PMCPMC13155553

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