Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41004413›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2026

Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2.

Steven K Grinspoon, Sophia Zhao, Esteban Martinez, Carl J Fichtenbaum, Sarah M Chu, Marissa R Diggs, Triin Umbleja, Sara McCallum, Kathleen V Fitch, Virginia A Triant and 9 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT02344290. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02344290 phase3completed

Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV - REPRIEVE

Ran2015Enrolled7,769Registered outcomes37Posted comparisons40ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, HIVArmsPitavastatin, Placebo
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. REPRIEVE Analysis of New Cardiovascular Risk Calculators in HIV: Underpredicting Risk Means Preventing Fewer Heart Attacks.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Steven K GrinspoonMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sophia ZhaoMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-5828-0706
Esteban MartinezThe Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6911-8846
Carl J FichtenbaumDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Sarah M ChuMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Marissa R DiggsMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Triin UmblejaCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7161-7743
Sara McCallumMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0289-1295
Kathleen V FitchMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0541-3707
Virginia A TriantDivision of General Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Judith S CurrierDivision of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4279-4737
Judith A AbergDivision of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Carlos D MalvestuttoDivision of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3156-2965
Kristine M ErlandsonDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0808-6729
Gerald S BloomfieldDivision of Cardiology, Duke Global Health Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Michael T LuCardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology and Department of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Pamela S DouglasDivision of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Heather J RibaudoCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0394-3990
Markella V ZanniMetabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

Leadership and Operations Center (LOC), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG); LOC 1/UM1AI068636 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Joseph J Eron, RAJESH T GANDHI · 2011 to 2026
$1073.1M
Statistical and Data Management Center (SDMC), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG)UM1AI068634 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Marlene Ann Cooper, Michael David Hughes · 2011 to 2026
$246.6M
Validation, CLIA and Qualification (VQC): Enhancing the RS ratio as a tool for AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) tuberculosis trialsUM1AI106701 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Grace M Aldrovandi · 2014 to 2026
$116.8M
REPRIEVE COVID-19 Administrative SupplementU01HL123336 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI DOUGLAS, PAMELA SUSAN, GRINSPOON, STEVEN K. · 2014 to 2021
$52.4M
ROLE OF DIETARY CONSTITUENTS ON GENE EXPRESSION IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIUMP30DK040561 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Takara Leah Stanley · 1994 to 2026
$31.6M
Botswana-Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health AIDS Initiative Partnership CTU Y18 SupplementUM1AI069456 · NIAID · THE BOTSWANA HARVARD HEALTH PARTNERSHIP · PI SHAHIN LOCKMAN, Joseph Moeketsi Makhema · 2012 to 2026
$29.4M
1/2 REPRIEVE Extension for Trial CompletionUG3HL164285 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI DOUGLAS, PAMELA SUSAN, GRINSPOON, STEVEN K. · 2023 to 2025
$14.2M
REPRIEVE - DCCU01HL123339 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LU, MICHAEL TSE-YIN, RIBAUDO, HEATHER JANE · 2014 to 2019
$6.0M
2/2 REPRIEVE Extension for Trial CompletionU24HL164284 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LU, MICHAEL TSE-YIN, RIBAUDO, HEATHER JANE · 2023 to 2025
$2.9M
Enhancing cardiovascular risk prediction in HIV using novel factors in the REPRIEVE trialR01HL169015 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Virginia Athena Triant · 2024 to 2026
$2.2M
ACTG Laboratory CenterBoston Nutrition Obesity Research Center P30DK040561Clinical Coordinating Center 1U24HL164284Clinical Coordinating Center U01HL123339Data Coordinating CenterNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL169015NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL123336NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL123339NHLBI NIH HHS U24 HL164284NHLBI NIH HHS UG3 HL164285NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068634NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068636NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069456NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI106701NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK040561NIH HHS 1UG3HL164285NIH HHS R01HL169015NIH HHS U01HL123336
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundREPRIEVE findings catalyzed changes to multiple guidelines directing statin therapy prescribing for people with HIV (PWH). US guidelines use the pooled cohort equation (PCE)-derived 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score but may in the future incorporate the new Predicting Risk of CVD EVENTs (PREVENT) score. Meanwhile, European guidelines use Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2).

methodsLeveraging Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE), we compared effects of applying PCE versus either PREVENT according to US guidelines or SCORE2 according to European guidelines among a global primary CVD prevention cohort of PWH.

resultsAnalysis cohort included 7757 participants with data for PREVENT and SCORE2 calculation. Ten-year ASCVD risk estimates (median [Q1, Q3]) were highest with PCE (4.4% [2.1%, 7.1%]) versus SCORE2 (3.3% [2.0%, 4.9%]) and PREVENT (2.2% [1.3%, 3.3%]). PREVENT- (vs PCE-) based scoring reclassified 38% of participants from a higher to a lower risk group (≥5% to <5%), while SCORE2-based scoring analogously shifted 27% of those age ≥50 years. Among placebo-assigned participants, median observed incidence of hard major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs)/1000 person-years (PY) was higher than that predicted by PREVENT, except for those with ultralow predicted risk. The estimated cumulative incidence of primary MACE was higher and 5-year number needed to treat (NNT5) lower for most risk groups using PREVENT versus PCE. The NNT5 for the PREVENT-defined risk group of 2.5-5.0% was close to the NNT5 for the PCE-defined risk group of ≥5% (NNT5[95% CI]: 53 [31, 178] vs 47 [30, 109], respectively).

conclusionsStatin-prescribing guidelines for PWH based on REPRIEVE should account for differences in 10-year ASCVD risk estimates when scores other than PCE are used.

fundingNational Institutes of Health, Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Gilead Sciences, and ViiV Healthcare Clinical Trials Registration. REPRIEVE; NCT02344290; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02344290.

Indexed as

atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseHIVREPRIEVErisk scoresstatin

Identifiers

PMID41004413
PMCPMC13007269

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.