Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41003402›Full record

ArticleJournal of functional biomaterials2025

Fracture Resistance of 3-Unit Zirconia Fixed Dental Prostheses Differing in Wall Thickness Fabricated by Either 3D-Printing or Milling.

Stefan Rues, Jannis Crocoll, Sebastian Hetzler, Johannes Rossipal, Peter Rammelsberg, Andreas Zenthöfer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of functional biomaterials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Stefan RuesDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9515-4405
Jannis CrocollDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sebastian HetzlerDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Johannes RossipalDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Peter RammelsbergDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9719-2018
Andreas ZenthöferDepartment of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 524875261
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo evaluate the fracture resistance of 3D-printed 3-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) made from tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP).

methodsBased on a maxillary typodont model with a missing first molar and neighboring teeth with full crown preparations, FDPs differing in wall thickness (d = 0.6 mm / d = 0.8 mm / d = 1.0 mm) were designed. For all test groups, 12 samples were fabricated from 3Y-TZP by either 3D-printing or milling. For 3D-printing, pontic designs were modified by basal slots to enable regular firing times. After luting on CoCr dies, samples underwent artificial aging. Loads tilted by 30° were applied on the mesio-buccal cusp of the pontic, and fracture resistance F

resultsSignificant differences in F

conclusionsAlthough 3D-printed zirconia FDPs still show lower fracture resistance values than their milled counterparts, all tested FDP configurations clearly exceed the clinical reference thresholds and can therefore be recommended for clinical use.

Indexed as

3D zirconia printing3-unit FDPartificial agingfracture resistanceindividual printing parametersoblique loadingzirconia

Identifiers

PMID41003402
PMCPMC12470422

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