ArticleMetabolites2025
Yigong San Extract Modulates Metabolism, Antioxidant Status, and Immune Function to Improve Health in Diarrheic Calves.
Article in Metabolites, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Progress in the application of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products for the prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea: a review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesCalf diarrhea is a serious health problem in dairy farming, which seriously affects their production performance in adulthood. Diarrhea in calves is usually treated with antibiotics, which may lead to issues of antibiotic residue and resistance. Therefore, finding antibiotic alternatives is of critical importance. Yigong San (YGS) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula traditionally indicated for inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to investigate whether YGS can be used as an alternative to antibiotics for the effective treatment of calf diarrhea and the underlying mechanisms.
methodsTen healthy Holstein calves served as the control (Ctrl) group, while twenty diarrheic calves were randomly assigned to either a natural diarrhea (ND) group or a YGS treatment (YGS) group, which received YGS for seven days. Serum samples were collected post-treatment and analyzed for biochemical parameters, oxidative stress indicators, cytokine levels, and metabolomic profiles.
resultsThe results showed that YGS effectively alleviated diarrhea and improved abnormal biochemical indicators. YGS significantly increased serum levels of CAT, GSH-PX, and SOD, while reducing MDA levels. In addition, YGS also suppressed the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-21, IFN-γ, as well as chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10. Metabolomic analysis revealed that YGS treatment significantly improved metabolic disorders and enriched the Arginine and Proline Metabolism pathways. The metabolites 1-methylhydantoin and ornithine were significantly and negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.
conclusionsYGS effectively treats calf diarrhea by enhancing antioxidant capacity, reducing inflammatory factor levels, regulating immune function, and modulating serum metabolites. It provided valuable insights for the development of safe and effective antibiotic alternatives for preventing and treating calf diarrhea.
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