ArticleMetabolites2025
Urinary
Article in Metabolites, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile the Mediterranean diet is well-established for its health benefits, the specific influence of organic versus conventional food sources within this pattern remains underexplored at the systemic metabolic level.
objectiveThis study investigated the metabolic effects of two matched Mediterranean diets, one based on organically produced foods (IMOD) and the other on conventionally produced equivalents (IMNOD), to assess the impact of food production methods on host metabolism and immune-inflammatory balance.
methodsTwelve healthy adults completed a crossover dietary intervention including IMOD and IMNOD phases. Urinary metabolite profiles were assessed via
resultsBoth interventions normalized some out-of-range urinary metabolites. However, IMOD elicited broader and more significant changes, including increased levels of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates (e.g., isocitrate, trans-aconitate), plant-derived metabolites (e.g., trigonelline), and host-microbiota co-metabolites (e.g., N-phenylacetylglutamine, 1-methylnicotinamide). Simultaneously, fermentation-associated and xenobiotic-linked metabolites such as formate, acetate, and 2-furoylglycine decreased. These shifts collectively represent a beneficial modulation of the Microbiota-Immune-Inflammation Axis (MIIA effect).
conclusionsOrganic food consumption within a Mediterranean framework promotes host-microbiota metabolic interplay and enhances immune-supportive biochemical pathways. The findings provide new mechanistic insight into how food production quality contributes to systemic metabolic health and support broader efforts to make organic foods more accessible.
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