ReviewCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2025
Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Current Status of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis.
Review in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Noninvasive molecular imaging signatures of histopathological growth patterns in colorectal cancer liver metastases.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2026Review
- Article
- Organ-specific pre-metastatic and metastatic niches in colorectal cancer: "discrepancy in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in liver and lung metastasis".Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting molecular residual disease and immune escape in colorectal cancer recurrence: biomarker-guided immunotherapy and cell therapies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of genomic and immune differences between primary and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma for precision oncology.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Colorectal cancer liver metastasis: immunosuppressive microenvironment, signaling pathways, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Genetic, Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Trajectories in Colon and Rectal Cancers.Cancers · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with liver metastasis being one of its primary metastatic patterns and a significant cause of death. For most patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis, a comprehensive treatment strategy that includes chemotherapy and targeted therapy is the primary therapeutic strategy. However, significant breakthroughs in immune therapy for liver metastasis have yet to be achieved. In this article, we summarize the characteristics of the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer liver metastases and the mechanisms of immune resistance. Additionally, we compile recent clinical trial results on immune combination strategies and biomarker studies and discuss the prospects for applying immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.