Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41002321›Full record

ArticleBiosensors2025

In Vivo Study on the Safe Use of a Novel Intraoperative Sensing Tool for Tissue Stiffness Assessment in Endoscopic Surgery.

Georgios Violakis, Pantelis Antonakis, Emmanouil Kritsotakis, Theodoros Kozonis, Leonidas Chardalias, Apostolos Papalois, Georgios Agrogiannis, Effrosyni Kampouroglou, Nikolaos Vardakis, Stylianos Kostakis and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biosensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Georgios ViolakisDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-8429-2888
Pantelis Antonakis2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7855-1721
Emmanouil Kritsotakis2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.
Theodoros Kozonis2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.
Leonidas Chardalias2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-3079-6180
Apostolos Papalois2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.
Georgios Agrogiannis1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Effrosyni Kampouroglou2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0009-0003-7003-4791
Nikolaos VardakisDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Greece.
Stylianos KostakisComponous P.C., 11 Kontopoulou Street, 53100 Florina, Greece.ORCID 0009-0008-7269-1994
Eleni AthanasakiComponous P.C., 11 Kontopoulou Street, 53100 Florina, Greece.ORCID 0009-0005-5470-5684
Zhenyu ZhangDepartment of Fiber Optical Sensor Systems, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Am Stollen 19H, 38640 Goslar, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0797-5540
Martin AngelmahrDepartment of Fiber Optical Sensor Systems, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Am Stollen 19H, 38640 Goslar, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3147-8918
Manousos Konstadoulakis2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11528 Athens, Greece.
Panagiotis PolygerinosControl Systems and Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1976-8728

Funding

European Union 101092518
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A novel endoscopic palpation tool (EPT), designed for tactile and stiffness sensing using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) was evaluated in a surgical environment for intraoperative safety and effectiveness. The EPT consisted of four FBGs arranged in a cross pattern and embedded within an elastic, hollow, silicone hemispherical dome designed to deform upon contact with soft tissue. The EPT was employed to scan both in vivo and ex vivo tissue samples. Monitoring of porcine vital signs during minimally invasive and open surgical procedures showed no significant changes during use of the EPT. Perioperative blood tests including inflammatory markers and liver and renal function studies were unremarkable. Histopathological analyses of tissues involved (liver, spleen, bowel, and abdominal wall) showed no evidence of inflammation, necrosis, or tissue damage, confirming the device's biocompatibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting in vivo stiffness measurements using an FBG-based EPT. The probe successfully distinguished between soft and hard tissue regions' relative stiffness. Furthermore, successive measurements on liver samples demonstrated the device's ability to generate stiffness maps, enabling clear visualization of spatial variation in tissue stiffness.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesEndoscopyAnimalsLiverSwinefiber Bragg gratingminimally invasive surgerypalpationstiffness mapping

Identifiers

PMID41002321
PMCPMC12467083

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.