Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41001452›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025

Prevalence of Biochemically-Verified Substance Use in Healthy Adolescents Across the United States: Hair Toxicology Results in the ABCD Study.

Natasha E Wade, Yajuan Si, Susan F Tapert, Janosch Linkersdörfer, Krista M Lisdahl, Hailley R Moore, Laila Tally, Biplabendu Das, Marilyn A Huestis, Alexander L Wallace and 5 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Natasha E WadeDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Yajuan SiSurvey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Susan F TapertDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Janosch LinkersdörferCenter for Multimodal Imaging & Genetics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, USA.
Krista M LisdahlUniveristy of Wisconsin Milwaukee.
Hailley R MooreDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Laila TallyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Biplabendu DasCenter for Multimodal Imaging & Genetics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, USA.
Marilyn A HuestisHuestis & Smith Toxicology, LLC, Fredericksburg, VA 22405.
Alexander L WallaceDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Ryan M SullivanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Veronica SzpakDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Le ZhangCenter for Multimodal Imaging & Genetics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, USA.
Laura R ZiemerCenter for Multimodal Imaging & Genetics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, USA.
Wesley K ThompsonCenter for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136.

Funding

ABCD-USA Consortium: Coordinating CenterU24DA041147 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SANDRA A BROWN, TERRY L. JERNIGAN · 2015 to 2026
$54.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource CenterU24DA041123 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE · 2015 to 2026
$51.5M
Adolescent Substance Use Initiation: Disentangling neurocognitive risks from consequences using longitudinal and genetically-informed methodsU01DA041120 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Monica Luciana, Sylia Wilson · 2015 to 2026
$34.5M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041089 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Joanna Jacobus, Susan F. Tapert · 2015 to 2026
$31.7M
ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECTU01DA041048 · NIDA · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI Megan Marie Herting, ELIZABETH R SOWELL · 2015 to 2026
$28.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041106 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mary M Heitzeg, Chandra Sekhar Sripada · 2015 to 2026
$24.9M
FIU-ABCD: Pathways and Mechanisms to Addiction in the Latino Youth of South FloridaU01DA041156 · NIDA · FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PI Raul Gonzalez, Angela R Laird · 2015 to 2026
$22.8M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041148 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Damien A Fair, Rebekah S Huber · 2015 to 2026
$22.3M
ABCD-USA: NYC Research ProjectU01DA041174 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers, Betty J Casey · 2015 to 2026
$19.7M
Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Prospective Research in Studies of Maturation (PRISM) ConsortiumU01DA041117 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LINDA CHANG, THOMAS M ERNST · 2015 to 2026
$19.5M
15/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at LIBRU01DA050989 · NIDA · LAUREATE INSTITUTE FOR BRAIN RESEARCH · PI ROBIN L AUPPERLE, MARTIN P. PAULUS · 2020 to 2026
$14.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium:Research ProjectU01DA041028 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI DUNCAN B. CLARK, BEATRIZ LUNA · 2015 to 2026
$13.9M
NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA013525NIDA NIH HHS F32 DA064409NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA050779NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA062011NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054980NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041022NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041025NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041028NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041048NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041089NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041093NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041106NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041117NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041120NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041148NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041156NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041174NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050987NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050988NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050989NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051016NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051018NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051038NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051039NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041123NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041147NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES031074NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES032295
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To determine correspondence between self-reported substance use and biochemical verification through hair samples and to estimate U.S. prevalence of adolescent substance use. Methods: Data came from the nationwide Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (n=11,868; age 9-10 at Baseline, age 15-16 at Wave 6). Past-3-month substance use was measured annually from 2016 to 2024. Hair samples objectively detected moderate+ substance use in a subsample of participants (n Results: Correspondence between self-report and toxicological data improved with age (ages 11-12=<1%; ages 15-16=45%). Weighted estimates of biochemically verified substance use indicated 7.1% of 15-16 year olds engaged in moderate-to-heavy cannabis use, 0.3% heavily used alcohol, and 4.7% heavily used nicotine. Conclusions: Youth reported substance use patterns demonstrated improved biochemical verification with age. Biochemical verification reflects substantive cannabis and nicotine use by ages 15-16, supporting combining toxicological and self-report data to improve identification of substance use in youth.

Identifiers

PMID41001452
PMCPMC12458502

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.