ArticleO&G open2025
Association Between Sex and Recent Pregnancy and Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in People With Opioid Use Disorder.
Article in O&G open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Narrowing differences in the rate of alcohol-related acute care admissions in the United States between women versus men, 2016-2023.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Integrating Hepatitis C Treatment in the Postpartum Setting: A Call for Practice Innovation.Journal of midwifery & women's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the association between sex and recent pregnancy and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in individuals entering opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment in the United States.
methodsWe used the Merative MarketScan Commercial and Multi-State Medicaid Databases (2015-2019) to conduct a retrospective cohort study of individuals with HCV infection entering OUD treatment. The outcome variable of interest was the prescription of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) after the initiation of OUD treatment, and the exposure variables of interest were sex and recent pregnancy status. We used Cox regression models to perform univariate analyses to determine differences in HCV treatment rates based on sex and recent pregnancy status and ran multivariable analyses adjusted for covariates including age, year of enrollment, insurance type, race and ethnicity, psychiatric comorbidities, co-occurring substance use disorders (alcohol use disorder, cannabis use disorder, stimulant use disorder), hospitalizations for drug-related poisoning, OUD treatment type, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score.
resultsOur analysis included 19,668 people with HCV infection initiating OUD treatment (90.8% with Medicaid insurance, 89.2% non-Hispanic White), of whom 8,864 (45.1%) were men, 7,567 (38.5%) were women without recent pregnancy, and 3,237 (16.5%) were women with recent pregnancy. Overall, 7,332 individuals (37.3%) were prescribed DAAs within 1 year of OUD treatment. Men were most likely to be prescribed DAAs within 1 year of OUD treatment (40.6%), followed by women without recent pregnancy (35.7%) and women with recent pregnancy (31.8%). In adjusted analyses, men and women without recent pregnancy had higher rates of HCV treatment compared with women with recent pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio 1.18, 95% CI, 1.13-1.24; and 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04-1.13, respectively).
conclusionAmong people with HCV infection entering OUD treatment in the United States, female sex and recent pregnancy are independent risk factors for reduced likelihood of direct-acting antiviral prescription, of which the latter may contribute to sex-based disparities in access to DAAs.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.