SynthesisInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2025
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Risk Association.
Synthesis in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative analysis of lung cancer risk factors between never-smokers and heavy smokers: a nationwide population-based study in Korea.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- IL-8 drives EMT and malignant progression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-associated lung cancer via STAT3 signaling.Cell division · 2026Article
- Regional heterogeneity and the role of social vulnerability in air pollution-related mortality from chronic lower respiratory diseases: a nationwide analysis of the United States (2010-2020).BMC public health · 2026Article
- Beyond smoking status: risk factors for pulmonary nodules ≥5 mm in a Chinese community screening program.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Moving Past Just Confidence Intervals: Why We Need Stronger Heterogeneity Assessment in Lung Cancer Meta-Analyses? [Letter].International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, which may involve mechanisms that are also implicated in lung carcinogenesis. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between COPD and the risk of developing lung cancer. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted from database inception to March 20, 2022 across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies were independently screened by two reviewers, and relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and synthesized. Results: Nine studies were included in the final meta-analysis. A significantly increased risk of lung cancer was observed among individuals with COPD, with a pooled relative risk (RR) of 3.79 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 3.60 to 3.98. Among individuals with COPD who did not use inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), the relative risk of lung cancer was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.20-1.33). The relative risk for females was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99-1.05), suggesting no statistically significant difference in lung cancer risk by gender. The meta-analysis identified a moderate but statistically significant association between COPD and an increased risk of lung cancer. Conclusion: The results of this study are consistent with those of previous studies, further verifying that patients with COPD have a higher risk of lung cancer and providing stronger support for this finding. These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and tailored preventive strategies among individuals diagnosed with COPD. Moving beyond traditional research paradigms to more refined, multidimensional approaches may improve the understanding of the link between COPD and lung cancer.
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