Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41000270›Full record

ArticleRoyal Society open science2025

GrowCAD: bioinspired mathematical design for additive manufacturing.

Nasim Mahmoodi, Galane Jingxi Luo, Rosemary Julia Dyson, Lauren Elizabeth Jane Thomas-Seale

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Royal Society open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nasim MahmoodiSchool of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Galane Jingxi LuoSchool of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Rosemary Julia DysonSchool of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6834-5724
Lauren Elizabeth Jane Thomas-SealeSchool of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-6513

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of additive manufacturing (AM) are acknowledged, design for AM remains a perpetual challenge in the wider implementation of the technique. Design in the context of AM is an interconnected and broad topic. It encompasses not only function and form, but also how geometry is represented digitally, the associated software and human problem-solving capabilities within the geometric opportunities and constraints. This research focuses on enhancing human knowledge and creativity within the bounds of an ever-evolving design space, encompassing digital and human capabilities. A bioinspired methodology is introduced, drawing an analogy between plant growth and the layer-by-layer AM process. This results in the development of a novel length-polar-projection coordinate system, and the associated algebraic definition of centre lines and cross-sections. This mathematical representation of geometry forms the foundation of the design framework, GrowCAD

Indexed as

3D printingadditive manufacturingbioinspiredengineering designmathematical biology

Identifiers

PMID41000270
PMCPMC12457967

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.