Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40999763›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced nursing2026

Time to Hang Up the Gloves: A Scoping Review of Evidence on Non-Sterile Glove Use During Intravenous Antimicrobial Preparation and Administration.

Natasya Raja Azlan, Debbie Massey, Lesley Andrew, Amanda Towell-Barnard, Seng Giap Marcus Ang, Carol Crevacore, Martina Costello, Aaron Alejandro, Weiting Liu, Naila Zaman and 1 more

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Natasya Raja AzlanSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1838-8559
Debbie MasseySchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-1960
Lesley AndrewSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-4611
Amanda Towell-BarnardSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-7724
Seng Giap Marcus AngSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-6261
Carol CrevacoreSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-1418
Martina CostelloSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-3368
Aaron AlejandroSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-6567
Weiting LiuSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6936-8872
Naila ZamanSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1054-8667
Peta-Anne ZimmermanGriffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-1277

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo systematically summarise evidence related to the use of non-sterile gloves when preparing and administering intravenous antimicrobials.

designScoping review.

methodsA rigorous scoping review was undertaken following Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) framework and the modified Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping review guidelines (2018). Five databases and grey literature were included in the search. Literature published between 2009 and 2024 was included. DATA SOURCES: Five databases (Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science) and the grey literature were searched in February 2024.

resultsThree studies were included; however, none directly addressed correct non-sterile glove use during intravenous antimicrobial preparation or administration in clinical practice.

conclusionWe found no evidence to support the use of non-sterile gloves in intravenous antimicrobial preparation. There is an urgent need for rigorous research to inform the development of clear guidelines on non-sterile glove use to underpin evidence-based decision-making in nursing and other health professional education, improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs and promote environmental sustainability in healthcare. IMPLICATIONS: Inappropriate use of non-sterile gloves for preparing and administering intravenous antimicrobials hinders correct hand hygiene practices and increases healthcare-associated infections, healthcare costs and waste. IMPACT: A critical gap in the existing evidence was a key finding of this review, highlighting the urgency for evidence-based guidelines to improve patient safety outcomes, reduce healthcare costs and promote environmental sustainability in healthcare. REPORTING

methodThis scoping review adhered to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting checklist. PATIENT OF PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct or reporting. TRIAL AND PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The protocol was registered on Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/QY4J2).

Indexed as

Administration, IntravenousAnti-Infective AgentsGloves, ProtectiveGloves, SurgicalFemaleHumansMaleAnti-Infective Agentsevidence‐based practicehand hygieneinfection prevention and controlintravenous antimicrobialsnon‐sterile glove usepatient safetysustainable healthcare

Identifiers

PMID40999763
PMCPMC13069190

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.