Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40998908›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

AMIGO2 accelerates tumor progression by inducing a cancer stem cell-like phenotype.

Hee Kyung Seong, Mitsuhiko Osaki, Runa Izutsu, Jumond P Jehung, Reo Sato, Ryo Sasaki, Junichi Hamada, Atsushi Yamamoto, Atsushi Takenaka, Futoshi Okada

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hee Kyung SeongDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Mitsuhiko OsakiDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Runa IzutsuDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Jumond P JehungDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Reo SatoDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Ryo SasakiDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Junichi HamadaAdvanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Ishikari, 061-0293, Japan.
Atsushi YamamotoDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Atsushi TakenakaDivision of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
Futoshi OkadaDivision of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan. fuokada@tottori-u.ac.jp.

Funding

Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology 20K07447Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology 23K19538
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amphoterin-induced gene and open reading frame 2 (AMIGO2) was previously identified as a driver gene for liver metastasis. AMIGO2 has also been found to be a prognostic factor for cancer patients with a low frequency of spontaneous liver metastasis. Here, we investigated whether AMIGO2 expression affects the acquisition of cancer stem cell-like properties in cancer cells by using human gastric (MKN45) and colon (DLD-1) cancer cell lines. Knockdown of AMIGO2 expression in MKN45 and DLD-1 cells via transfection with short hairpin RNA-AMIGO2 suppressed cell proliferation under several starvation conditions in two-dimensional culture. AMIGO2 knockdown cells showed reduced ability to form multicellular spheres in a three-dimensional culture. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of anticancer drugs in sphere-forming cells were decreased by AMIGO2 knockdown. Silencing of AMIGO2 suppressed tumor formation and growth of subcutaneously injected tumors in NOD/SCID mice. Expression levels of AMIGO2 and cancer stem cell markers, such as CD44, CD133, and EpCAM, were almost identical in spherically grown cancer cells. AMIGO2 expression was positively correlated with expression of existing cancer stem cell markers in multiple organ cancer cell lines. These results demonstrate that AMIGO2 accelerates the malignant progression of human cancer cells by inducing a cancer stem cell-like phenotype.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorNerve Tissue ProteinsAnimalsCarcinogenesisCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationDisease ProgressionFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGene Knockdown TechniquesHumansLiver NeoplasmsMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, Inbred NODMice, SCIDAMIGO2 protein, humanBiomarkers, TumorMembrane ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsRNA, MessengerAMIGO2Anticancer drug resistanceCancer stem cellsSphere formationTumor-forming abilityTumor progression

Identifiers

PMID40998908
PMCPMC12464190

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.