Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40998898›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Comparing infant pain and stress during retinopathy of prematurity screening using ophthalmoscopy and non-contact imaging.

Urjita Das, Euna Cho, Tara Balasubramanian, Jason Zhou, Shaiza Mansoor, Ria Kapoor, He Eun Forbes, Sera Chase, Madi Kore, Danielle Sidelnikov and 11 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Urjita DasUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Euna ChoUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Tara BalasubramanianDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Jason ZhouUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Shaiza MansoorDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Ria KapoorEastern Virginia Medical School, 825 Fairfax Ave, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
He Eun ForbesNew York Institute Of Technology College Of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, Old Westbury, New York, 11568, USA.
Sera ChaseDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Madi KoreDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Danielle SidelnikovUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Daniel ShatsUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Taylor KoloskyUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Claudia WongUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Amaka OnyekabaEmory Eye Center, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Noela LuUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Elizabeth Fernandez PazDepartment of Ophthalmology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd., NW Pasquerilla Health Center Lower Level, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
Kristin WilliamsDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Osamah J SaeediDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Moran R LevinDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Sripriya SundararajanDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Maryland Baltimore, 110 S. Paca Street, 8th Floor Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Janet Leath AlexanderDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 479, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. jalexander@som.umaryland.edu.

Funding

K23 EY03525
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current standard of care for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening eye examinations, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO), is associated with discomfort and stress in infants. In this study, we compared pain scores and vital signs during examination with BIO and non-contact laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). Preterm neonates underwent retinal exam with BIO and LSCI during ROP screening. Infant stress was scored using the Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N-PASS), and collected with vital signs, before, during, and after eye examination. Seventy-one infants with gestational ages 22-32 weeks and birthweights 400-1900 g underwent 196 BIO examinations and 101 LSCI examinations. N-PASS scores during BIO were significantly higher than LSCI (8.8 vs. 3.7, p < 0.0001). Maximum heart rate was significantly higher during BIO compared to LSCI (182 ± 19 beats per minute vs. 175 ± 20 beats per minute, p = 0.008). Minimum oxygen saturation was significantly lower during BIO compared to LSCI (83 ± 12% vs. 86 ± 10%, p = 0.035). After BIO, vital sign instability remained for 30 s, whereas vital signs returned to baseline after LSCI. We found lower pain scores and more stable vital signs during LSCI compared to BIO.

Indexed as

Neonatal ScreeningOphthalmoscopyPainRetinopathy of PrematurityFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureMalePain MeasurementBinocular indirect ophthalmoscopyInfant painNoncontact imagingRetinal blood flowRetinal imagingRetinopathy of prematurity

Identifiers

PMID40998898
PMCPMC12464324

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.