Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40997769›Full record

ArticleJournal of chemical information and modeling2025

Benchmarking Machine Learning Models for HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Resistance Prediction: Impact of Data Set Construction and Feature Representation.

Rocío Lucía Beatriz Riveros Maidana, Lucas de Almeida Machado, Ana Carolina Ramos Guimarães

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of chemical information and modeling, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Comment on "Developing machine learning models to improve cardiovascular risk prediction for people living with HIV".International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Rocío Lucía Beatriz Riveros MaidanaLaboratório de Genómica Aplicada e Bioinovac̨ões, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-3971-6447
Lucas de Almeida MachadoInstitute of Technology on Immunobiologicals (Bio-Manguinhos) - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-6575-1687
Ana Carolina Ramos GuimarãesLaboratório de Genómica Aplicada e Bioinovac̨ões, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-1260-543X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid emergence of drug resistance in viral infections represents a significant global health challenge, threatening the efficacy of treatments for multiple diseases. Machine learning models have emerged as valuable tools for predicting antiviral drug resistance from genomic data, with HIV-1 protease serving as a well-characterized model system due to its extensive experimental data and clinical relevance. Here, we systematically evaluate multiple previously published HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) resistance prediction models across three distinct data sets with different preprocessing and ambiguous sequencing processing strategies and propose a new approach for preprocessing. We tested Steiner's data set (

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, ViralHIV-1HIV ProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsMachine LearningBenchmarkingHumansNeural Networks, ComputerHIV ProteaseHIV Protease Inhibitorsp16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Identifiers

PMID40997769
PMCPMC12529765

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.