Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40996508›Full record

ArticleRheumatology international2025

High prevalence and distinct patterns of metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis: a population-based study.

Jacob Corum Williams, Kira Rogers, Joshua Southworth, Ryan Malcolm Hum, Pauline Ho, Sizheng Steven Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jacob Corum Williams *St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK. j.c.williams@leeds.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3737-557X
Kira Rogers *School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Joshua SouthworthSchool of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Ryan Malcolm HumVersus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Pauline HoThe Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
Sizheng Steven ZhaoCentre for Musculoskeletal Research , The University of Manchester , Manchester, UK.

Funding

Manchester Biomedical Research Centre NIHR203308Versus Arthritis 21173, 21754 and 21755
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMetabolic syndrome (MetS) in inflammatory arthritis (IA) directly impacts its management and associated morbidity and mortality. MetS is a well-recognised comorbidity in PsA, but the epidemiology across IA is unclear. This study aimed to characterise the prevalence of MetS across rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) compared to controls.

methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of half a million individuals from the UK Biobank, aged 40 to 69 years, who were collected between 2006 and 2010. Participants with RA, PsA, and axSpA were identified using ICD-10 codes and/or read codes. MetS was defined according to adapted National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Statistical analysis included ANOVA and chi-squared test for between-group difference and logistic regression for odds of MetS, adjusted for age, sex, CRP and smoking status.

resultsThe prevalence of MetS was highest in RA (43.4%), followed by PsA (42.3%), axSpA (37.1%) and controls (31.8%). Hypertension was prevalent across all IAs (~ 80%), as was hypertriglyceridaemia. Elevated waist circumference and dysglycaemia were more prevalent in RA and PsA compared to axSpA. The adjusted odds of comorbid MetS were elevated in RA (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.07, 1.24; p < 0.001) and PsA (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.13, 1.52; p < 0.001) compared to controls, but decreased in axSpA (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.70, 0.96; p = 0.012).

conclusionRA and PsA, but not axSpA, are associated with an increased odds of MetS. Holistic management strategies that address both IA and MetS are essential for improving mortality and morbidity.

Indexed as

Arthritis, PsoriaticArthritis, RheumatoidAxial SpondyloarthritisMetabolic SyndromeAdultAgedComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited KingdomArthritis, PsoriaticArthritis, RheumatoidEpidemiologyMetabolic SyndromeObesitySpondylitis, Ankylosing

Identifiers

PMID40996508
PMCPMC12464123

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.