ArticleBJU international2026
The benefits of PCNL combined with ureterorenoscopy compared to isolated PCNL in urolithiasis (PRECISE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial protocol.
Article in BJU international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery: From percutaneous nephrolithotomy to the future of stone management.Investigative and clinical urology · 2026Review
- Cost Comparison of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy With and Without Intraoperative Cone-beam Computed Tomography: 18-month Postoperative Analysis.European urology open science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPercutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) often fails to achieve complete stone clearance with a single procedure. Residual fragments, irrespective of size, are associated with increased stone-related morbidity and a higher likelihood of re-intervention. Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS), which integrates PCNL with retrograde ureterorenoscopy, may improve stone-free rates and reduce morbidity. However, given the potential for increased risks and greater resource utilisation, a comprehensive randomised controlled trial is warranted. The 'PRECISE' trial is designed to compare ECIRS and PCNL in terms of efficacy, safety, stone-related morbidity, and resource utilisation. STUDY
designThe PRECISE is a prospective, non-blinded, randomised, parallel-group, multicentre interventional trial involving patients eligible for percutaneous kidney stone surgery. Patients will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either ECIRS or standard PCNL. ENDPOINTS: The primary endpoint is the Grade A (0 mm) stone-free rate on postoperative computed tomography (CT) at 4 weeks. Secondary radiological endpoints include Grade B (≤2 mm) and Grade C (≤4 mm) stone-free rates at 4 weeks, stone volume reduction, 1-year stone-free rates, and radiation exposure. Additional outcomes include complications, operative duration, stone-related events (SREs), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cost differences, cost-effectiveness and environmental impact, assessed up to 5 years postoperatively. PATIENTS AND
methodsAdults (aged ≥18 years) eligible for percutaneous kidney stone surgery, where retrograde access is feasible, will be recruited. The main exclusion criteria comprise papillary calcifications, renal transplant procedures, and (suspected) pregnancy. A total of 350 patients (175 per arm) will be recruited. Follow-up includes CT imaging with clinical consultations at 4 weeks and 1 year to evaluate radiological outcomes, complications, SREs, and HRQoL. Telephone interviews at 3 and 5 years will assess long-term SREs and HRQoL. We aim to retrospectively evaluate cost differences, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact.
trial registrationThe PRECISE study: an investigation into combined kidney stone surgery, Dutch Trial Registry, NL-009577.
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