Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Identifying High-Risk Cardiac Arrest Neighborhoods Using Social Vulnerability Index and Geospatial Analysis.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Automated External Defibrillator Availability, Accessibility, and Usability in High-Risk Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Neighborhoods of Birmingham, Alabama.Circulation. Population health and outcomes · 2026Article
- Telecommunicator cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance metrics and barriers to implementation in Birmingham, Alabama.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentifying high-risk locations for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is essential for targeted community interventions. We aimed to use the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and geospatial mapping of OHCA data to locate high-risk neighborhoods in Birmingham, Alabama, for community training programs.
methodsA retrospective observational analysis was conducted using nontraumatic OHCA cases in adults (≥18 years) in Birmingham from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2023. Census tracts served as proxies for neighborhoods. A 5-step process identified high-risk tracts: (1) OHCA incidents were geocoded in ArcGIS and assigned a geographic identifier by census tract; (2) SVI data were merged with each record; (3) the Getis-Ord GI* statistic identified a hot spot with 99% confidence; (4) tracts with an SVI >90th percentile within the hot spot were flagged; and (5) excess relative risk rates were calculated and stratified by quintiles. The primary outcome was high-risk census tracts defined by hot spot location, high SVI, and high relative risk.
resultsA total of 966 OHCA cases from 115 census tracts were included. Hot spot analysis identified 30 tracts (26.1%) with high-risk characteristics. Within these, 17 tracts had an SVI >90th percentile, and 10 tracts had an excess relative risk in the top quintile. Hot spot tracts had a higher proportion of Black residents and lower cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates. No significant difference in survival outcomes were observed; however, the overall neurologically intact survival was 1.2%.
conclusionsMultiple neighborhoods in Birmingham exhibit extreme levels of social vulnerability and excess relative risk of OHCA, making them ideal candidates for community training initiatives.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.